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What music is: tones, pitch and the musical alphabetArticle

Every song you have ever played or sung is built from a handful of basic blocks. Meet the seven lett...

5/24/265 min read
Sharps and flats (♯ and ♭) and enharmonicsArticle

Extra tones hide between the seven letters. Learn about semitones, sharps and flats, and understand...

5/24/266 min read
Octaves, register and frequencyArticle

Why do two C's sound 'the same' yet different? Meet the octave, labels like C4, and the magic number...

5/24/265 min read
Rhythm and note durationsArticle

Tones tell you what to play; rhythm tells you when. Meet beats, whole and quarter notes, and the dot...

5/24/266 min read
Reading notes: the treble and bass clefArticle

Five lines, a few dots and two clefs - that's all you need to read music. We explain the staff in a...

5/24/266 min read
What a chord is: root, third and fifthArticle

Three tones together make a chord. Meet the root, the third that decides happy versus sad, and the f...

5/24/267 min read
Your first chords: reading guitar and ukulele diagramsArticle

A chord diagram is a map for your fingers. Let's learn to read frets, fingers, open and muted string...

5/24/267 min read
Major and minor scales and how they are builtArticle

A scale is not a random row of tones but a precise pattern of whole and half steps. Learn the W-W-H-...

5/24/267 min read
Intervals - the building blocks of harmonyArticle

An interval is the distance between two tones and the foundation of everything - melody, chords and...

5/24/267 min read
Keys, key signatures and the circle of fifthsArticle

Why does one song have two sharps and another three flats? Meet keys, key signatures and the circle...

5/24/267 min read
Diatonic chords: harmonising the scaleArticle

Seven chords grow out of every scale and naturally belong together. Meet Roman numerals and why I, I...

5/24/268 min read
Chord progressions and harmonic functions (T-S-D)Article

Four chords, thousands of songs. Meet the most famous progressions (I-IV-V, I-V-vi-IV) and the three...

5/24/268 min read
Seventh chords and extensions (7, maj7, m7, 9)Article

Add a fourth tone to a triad and a world of colour opens up. Meet the dominant, major and minor seve...

5/24/267 min read
Pentatonic and blues scalesArticle

Five tones that sound good almost everywhere. Meet the major and minor pentatonic and the blue note...

5/24/266 min read
Church modes: Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian and moreArticle

The same white keys, seven different moods. Meet the modes - scales that arise when you start the ma...

5/24/268 min read
Chord inversions and voice leadingArticle

The same chord, a different bass, an entirely new feel. Meet chord inversions and voice leading - th...

5/24/267 min read
Altered and extended chords (sus, add, aug, dim, ø7)Article

Beyond major and minor lives a whole palette of colour chords. Meet sus, add, augmented, diminished...

5/24/268 min read
Transposition and the capoArticle

Move a whole song into another key in one move. Meet transposition for the singer and the capo that...

5/24/266 min read
Tuning: just intonation, temperament, harmonics and microtonesArticle

Why is a piano never perfectly in tune? Journey into the physics of sound - frequency ratios, harmon...

5/24/268 min read
Modal interchange and advanced progressionsArticle

How are all those 'unexpected' chords in hit songs actually logical? Meet modal interchange, seconda...

5/24/268 min read